| 金属雕塑金属浇铸工艺 |
| 添加时间：2020/8/21 14:20:50 浏览次数： |
| 1.失蜡铸造法。也称为脱蜡铸造，其原理非常简单：用蜡制成蜡像，然后用围模法浇上一层耐热的模型材料，将围模加热至蜡开始熔化，最后烧干，留下跟蜡像一个模样的空心，再将金属溶液倒入这个空心。一旦金属溶液冷却，围模就会脱落，一个形状相同的蜡像复制品就这样做成了。失蜡铸造法也是冶铸史上的一项重大发明，其铸造形状的精密程度和复杂程度是其他铸造方法无法比拟的。我国在战国时期就已经使用失蜡铸法。河南淅川下寺楚墓及湖北随县曾侯乙墓分别有精细繁缛特色的失蜡铸造青铜器出土。失蜡法铸造的特点在于蜡做的模型可以熔烧，根据其特点可得到造型很繁杂的铸造品。我国东汉时期在甘肃武威雷台汉墓中出土的“马踏飞燕”是失蜡铸造之后套装在一起的，也为失蜡技术的精品。 1. Lost wax casting method. It is also called dewaxing casting. Its principle is very simple: wax figure is made from wax, and then a layer of heat-resistant model material is poured in the surrounding mold method. The surrounding mold is heated until the wax begins to melt, and finally it is dried, leaving a hollow like the wax figure, and then pouring the metal solution into the hollow. Once the metal solution cools, the shroud falls off and a replica of the same shape is made. Lost wax casting is also an important invention in the history of metallurgy and casting. The precision and complexity of its casting shape are incomparable with other casting methods. The lost wax casting method has been used in China since the Warring States period. The Chu tomb at Xiasi in Xichuan, Henan Province, and the tomb of Zeng Hou Yi in suixian County, Hubei Province, were unearthed respectively. The characteristic of lost wax casting is that the model made of wax can be melted and burned. According to its characteristics, castings with complicated shapes can be obtained. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the "Horse Treading on a flying swallow" unearthed from a Han tomb in Leitai, Wuwei, Gansu Province, is set together after lost wax casting, which is also a fine product of lost wax technology. 2.陶壳铸造法。它是一种非常新的技术，这项技术是在20世纪60年代中期从工业铸造中引进的，现在至少有95%的商业美术铸造厂用于铸造中。把陶壳固定在胶体硅上，将蜡像浸入胶浆，取出后再抹一层粉状的耐熔物质(石膏)。可以让混合物自然风干，也可以借助于风扇。重复前面的步骤7次左右，这样在蜡像及浇口系统周围就会形成一层厚度为3-8英寸的外壳。通过蒸气或者快速加热，蜡像将熔尽，而外壳则被加热到远远高于实心围模的温度，也可以除去残余的蜡，更重要的是可以对空壳中的陶瓷成分进行燃烧，使其更加坚固，能够承受住熔化金属所产生的压力。 2. Ceramic shell casting method. It is a very new technology, which was introduced from industrial casting in the mid-1960s, and now at least 95% of commercial art foundries are used in casting. Fix the ceramic shell on the colloidal silicon, immerse the wax figure in the mortar, and then apply a layer of powdery fusible material (gypsum). The mixture can be dried naturally or with the help of a fan. Repeat the previous steps about 7 times so that a 3-8 inch shell is formed around the wax figure and gate system. By steam or rapid heating, the wax figure will be melted out, and the shell will be heated to a temperature far higher than that of the solid mold, and the residual wax can also be removed. More importantly, the ceramic composition in the shell can be burned to make it stronger and withstand the pressure produced by the molten metal. |
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